Essentials Of Glycobiology 2nd Edition – Dr. Umesh Desai presents Fundamentals of Glycan Structure 1. This is a 2-part lecture. The first starts at 3:15 p.m.
Dr. Umesh Desai, K12 Elementary Teacher, presents Fundamentals of Glycan Structure 2. Lecture 2/11/19
Essentials Of Glycobiology 2nd Edition
Dr. Umesh Desai, Primary K12 teacher, lectured on N & O Glycans and Sialic Acid Glycans. This was done on 25/19/19
Display Of The Human Mucinome With Defined O Glycans By Gene Engineered Cells
Dr. Aurijit Sarkar, High Point University, presents Glycans in Cancer and Cancer. This is a 2-part lecture. The second lecture starts at 1:04:35. This lecture was held on February 25, 2019
Dr. Nancy Dahms, K12 teacher and professor at the Medical University of Wisconsin, presents Lysosomal Storage Diseases and Glycan Degradation. This lecture was held on March 4, 2019
Dr. Karin Hoffmeister, K12 teacher and director of the University Center for Translational Glycomics, presents Glycans and Blood Homeostasis. This lecture was held on March 4, 2019
Bhaumik Patel, associate professor at Virginia Commonwealth University, presents glycans and cancer. This lecture was held on March 11, 2019.
Cell Based Glycan Arrays For Probing Glycan–glycan Binding Protein Interactions
Dr. Bhaumik Patel, Associate Professor, Virginia Commonwealth University, Heparan sulfate regulates GAGs and growth factor signaling. This lecture was held on March 18, 2019.
Dr. Kuby Balagurunathan, professor at the University of Utah’s College of Pharmacy and Medicine, presents GAG biosynthesis. This lecture was held on March 25, 2019.
Martin Safo, Ph.D., professor at the Virginia Commonwealth Department of Medicine, presents GAG Protein Interactions. This lecture was held on April 1, 2019.
Dr. Krishna Rajarathnam, professor of biochemistry and molecular biology at the University of Texas Medical Branch, presents the thermodynamics and kinetics of GAG-protein complexes. This lecture was held on April 8, 2019.
Studying Glycobiology At The Single Molecule Level
Virginia Commonwealth University Professor Dr. Adam Hawkridge lectures on Glycan Analysis by Mass Spectrometry. This speech is 4/15/19 Open Access Policy Institutional Open Access Program Privacy Policy Research and Publication Ethics Article Processing Fees Awards Testimonials.
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Synthetic Glycoscapes: Addressing The Structural And Functional Complexity Of The Glycocalyx
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Received: 30 October 2015 / Revised: 23 November 2015 / Accepted: 1 December 2015 / Published: 9 December 2015
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Improving the molecular understanding of CRC pathology requires an understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of the disease. Altered protein glycosylation systems are associated with many malignancies. Recent advances in mass spectrometry and bioinformatics have accelerated glycomics research and introduced a new paradigm for cancer biomarker discovery. Therefore, glycoproteomics and glycomics mass spectrometry (MS) should improve the discovery of new biomarkers useful in diagnosis and medicine. This review focuses on the emerging class of glycomics to provide a comprehensive overview of the progress and applications of methods related to the identification of novel glycan-based biomarkers. We will also discuss some issues related to the use of glycans as biomarkers.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. It can start as a benign lesion or polyp and slowly turn into cancer. CRC is a curable disease if detected early. If the cancer is detected early, the 5-year survival rate after removal is over 90%. Unfortunately, approximately half of CRC patients have metastatic disease at presentation, with a poor prognosis of <10% five-year survival. Current CRC screening options include barium enema, colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, and fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) [2, 3]. In addition, screening is poor due to the invasive, uncomfortable and expensive method (colonoscopy) or lack of specificity and sensitivity (FOBT) [4]. It is hoped that the next generation of tests based on molecular biomarkers obtained from biological samples (such as patient's blood or tissue) will provide a better option for improving the treatment of the disease [5].
Use Of Metabolic Glycoengineering And Pharmacological Inhibitors To Assess Lipid And Protein Sialylation On Cells
Proteins are often modified by the addition of glycans during protein synthesis. It is estimated that more than 70% of human proteins are glycosylated [6], making glycosylation the most common post-translational modification (PTM) of proteins. Glycoproteins are often found in cellular organelles (eg, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)/Golgi), on cell surfaces, and in the extracellular environment. This makes glycoproteins a molecular contact point for cell-cell interaction and pathogen invasion in the extracellular environment [7]. In mammals, carbohydrate moieties are often linked by: (i) amide nitrogen atoms of asparagine residues linked by the conserved sequence Asn-X-Ser/Thr (where X ≠ Pro) known as N-linked glycosylation. ; or (ii) attached to an oxygen atom in the hydroxyl groups of serine or threonine residues, known as O-linked glycosylation [8].
Aberrant protein glycosylation is a well-known phenomenon in various diseases, including cancer. Cell surface protein glycosylation or secretion is known to be a factor that can cause, contribute to, or develop certain diseases such as glycosylation disorders, immunodeficiency, and cancer [7, 9, 10]. In cancer, altered glycosylation is considered a signaling event in which specific glycoproteins play an important role in tumor growth, migration, proliferation and metastasis [11, 12, 13]. Tumor-associated glycans have been extensively studied as specific tumor markers and potential therapeutic targets [11].
Thanks to recent technological advances, mass spectrometry (MS)-based glycomics and glycoproteomics are gaining momentum in cancer research and hold great promise for uncovering relevant biomolecular regulation. This review will focus on the emerging field of glycomics and provide a comprehensive overview of the technological development of mass spectrometry-based N-glycomics in cancer, particularly CRC.
CRC results from genetic mutations and molecular abnormalities that occur in a well-understood sequence of events [ 14 , 15 ]. Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene mutation is an early event in CRC estimated to be responsible for 80% of CRC cases [16]. Other mutations associated with CRC include microarray instability (MSI), which disrupts DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes, including transforming growth factor receptor II (TGFβRII) [16], B-Raf proto-oncogene [18] and beta-catenin (CTNNB1 ) [19].
Inhibition Of Cmp Sialic Acid Transport By Endogenous 5 Methyl Cmp
CRC is the second and third most common malignancy in women and men, respectively, in developed countries. An estimated 1.2 million cases and 600,000 deaths from CRC have been reported worldwide [20]. CRC-related symptoms such as direct bleeding, abdominal pain and changes in bowel habits (such as diarrhea and constipation), fatigue, and bleeding are common in most CRC patients regardless of age and gender [21, 22, 23], but CRC- The clinical need for early detection is unusual. Therefore, accurate and rapid diagnostic methods for early detection of CRC are required to reduce mortality.
Biomarkers are used for diagnosis, prognosis, and response to treatment or to predict disease recurrence. It is agreed that diagnostic and prognostic markers can reduce disease mortality by providing an accurate diagnosis and prognosis of early cancer, and predictive markers help to assess a patient’s response to treatment. Sources of biomarkers include blood, tissues, urine, and feces. Blood and tissues are the most commonly used materials for biomarker discovery studies.
Current treatments for CRC are followed by chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination of the two. Currently, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is the main chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of CRC. Over the past decade, great progress has been made in developing more effective agents such as oxaliplatin, leucovorin, bevacizumab, and irinotecan. 5-FU is one of the most common treatments for metastatic CRC patients in combination with leucovorin, irinotecan or oxaliplatin [ 24 , 25 , 26 ] without the administration of bevacizumab [ 27 ]. Multi-agent combination therapy for CRC has been shown to improve progression-free survival but is associated with greater cytotoxicity than single-agent administration [ 28 ].
N-linked glycosylation is the addition, removal, and modification of monosaccharides to glycoproteins catalyzed by glycosyltransferases, glycosidases, and other auxiliary glycoenzymes. Protein N-glycosylation has been shown to play an important role
Coursework — Translational Glycomics Center
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