What Does Too Much Serotonin Cause – Many think of serotonin as a feel-good chemical in the brain that makes us happy. Indeed, the effects on the body are quite complex and too much can lead to an unhealthy condition known as serotonin syndrome. Produced by nerve cells, serotonin is a neurotransmitter, or chemical messenger, that helps with major body functions, such as breathing, blood flow, body temperature, and digestion. It’s widely known to play an important role in mood, but few people know that too much of the neurotransmitter can produce symptoms of serotonin syndrome, which can range from mild to severe.
Serotonin syndrome is basically a reaction to certain drugs or substances that cause too much serotonin in the body. While symptoms can start mildly, in rare cases, the condition can be life-threatening if not diagnosed and treated. Contrary to popular belief, almost 90 percent of serotonin is made in the gut and the gut region, and not in the brain. Because of this, serotonin syndrome often causes overactivity of nerve cells, affecting the whole body. Health care providers began to recognize the condition in the 1960s, after the first antidepressant drugs, which increase serotonin levels in the body, were approved. There are various drugs on the market that affect serotonin levels to treat conditions such as high-functioning depression, anxiety and more. It is generally safe to use as directed and has helped many people. But anyone of any age who takes dietary supplements, herbal or over-the-counter drugs, and prescription or illegal drugs that affect serotonin production can be at risk of developing serotonin syndrome when mixed with others or taken in high doses. .
What Does Too Much Serotonin Cause
In general, most people can take serotonin-producing drugs safely as long as the dosages given are appropriate and the health care provider has a clear understanding of what drug or medications the patient is taking. Serotonin syndrome most often develops when two or more drugs, all of which aid in the production of neurotransmitters, are combined.
Serotonin Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment
Mixing different substances that increase serotonin is not easy to find because most people do not know what drugs or medicines fall into this category. Even certain foods that increase serotonin can cause unhealthy interactions. That’s why it’s important to be open and honest with your doctor when considering a new drug, and let people know all the legal or illegal drugs you’re currently using, including supplements.
Taking either of these substances in the recommended dosage will usually not cause any problems. But taking too much, or other combinations, such as mixing SSRIs like Lexapro and marijuana can be unhealthy or dangerous. It is important to be able to understand and recognize the symptoms of serotonin syndrome and seek medical treatment to prevent serious or even dangerous health complications.
Some people may experience symptoms of serotonin syndrome within a few hours of taking a new or illegal drug that interacts with an existing prescription or other drug.
Most people with serotonin syndrome will experience some of the above problems within 24 hours, if not sooner than previously mentioned. It is important to seek treatment for serotonin syndrome symptoms when they occur.
What Is Serotonin?
Diagnosing serotonin syndrome requires ruling out other conditions with similar symptoms, as no single test can confirm the presence of the condition. A physical examination is generally required as well as an open and honest discussion about all medications and drugs you have recently taken, or are currently taking. With mild symptoms, see a doctor and stop the medicine if it is enough to solve the problem. This often requires a full discussion with your doctor beforehand as not all medications can be stopped immediately and the dose may need to be reduced accordingly. For more severe symptoms, the doctor may monitor the patient in the hospital for 24 hours.
Small cases of serotonin syndrome usually improve within two to three days after a person stops taking all substances that cause an increase in serotonin levels in the body. In very serious cases, it can take several weeks for the body to fully recover and return to normal function. Serotonin medication has helped many people. But it is important for anyone taking it to understand the risk of serotonin syndrome when not used as directed, or when mixed with other ingredients.
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Anxiety: It’s Not Just Serotonin
Received: April 12, 2019 / Revised: May 4, 2019 / Accepted: May 7, 2019 / Published: May 9, 2019
Serotonin syndrome is a drug-induced condition due to serotonergic hyperactivity, usually involving antidepressant drugs. As the number of medically treated patients with major depressive disorder increases, the population at risk for developing serotonin syndrome increases. Excessive 5-HT synaptic stimulation
Receptors produce autonomic and neuromuscular aberrations with potentially life-threatening consequences. In this review, we will describe the molecular basis of the disease and describe how commonly used clinically pharmacological agents can interfere with normal serotonergic pathways to produce potentially fatal outcomes. Because serotonin syndrome can mimic other clinical conditions, understanding the molecular context of this condition is important for early detection and prevention of clinical damage.
Serotonin syndrome (SS) is a clinical condition caused by excessive serotonergic activity in central and peripheral nervous system synapses. The true incidence of this disease is unknown, as it varies in severity and many symptoms may be similar to other clinical conditions. SS is triggered by therapeutic drugs that are not only common, but their use seems to be increasing dramatically [1]. The most common SS-causing drugs are antidepressants, the incidence of use among adults in the United States increased from 6% in 1999 to 10.4% in 2010 [2]. Furthermore, the consumption of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) was reported to increase by almost 15% from 2002 to 2005 [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ].
Silent Signs Of Serotonin Syndrome
In this review article, we will describe the clinical pathophysiology of SS and present the main molecular theories underlying this disease. Being a pure clinical diagnosis with protean manifestations, an understanding of the presentation of this disease and the related confused diagnosis is necessary to establish the relevant context. The following is the molecular basis of this disease, and how certain genetic polymorphisms are thought to contribute to its manifestation in predisposed individuals. This information will facilitate the understanding of how certain drugs can cause the syndrome, especially in high-risk patients. It will also help readers understand current treatment strategies and directions for research in the field.
The diagnostic basis of SS includes the triad of altered mental status, autonomic hyperactivity, and neuromuscular disorders [8, 9] in patients exposed to any drug that increases serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) receptor activation in the body [8,9]. 10]. These drugs include SSRIs, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), opioid analgesics, antiemetics, illegal drugs, and others [10]. The use of these drugs puts a large part of the population at risk for this disease, especially when used in combination [11]. A retrospective cohort study reviewing Veterans Health Administration records from 2009-2013 showed an incidence of the disease of 0.23% in
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